jest-dom

Custom jest matchers to test the state of the DOM

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The problem

You want to use [jest][] to write tests that assert various things about the state of a DOM. As part of that goal, you want to avoid all the repetitive patterns that arise in doing so. Checking for an element's attributes, its text content, its css classes, you name it.

This solution

The @testing-library/jest-dom library provides a set of custom jest matchers that you can use to extend jest. These will make your tests more declarative, clear to read and to maintain.

Table of Contents

• Installation
• Usage
• With TypeScript
• Custom matchers
• toBeDisabled
• toBeEnabled
• toBeEmptyDOMElement
• toBeInTheDocument
• toBeInvalid
• toBeRequired
• toBeValid
• toBeVisible
• toContainElement
• toContainHTML
• toHaveAccessibleDescription
• toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage
• toHaveAccessibleName
• toHaveAttribute
• toHaveClass
• toHaveFocus
• toHaveFormValues
• toHaveStyle
• toHaveTextContent
• toHaveValue
• toHaveDisplayValue
• toBeChecked
• toBePartiallyChecked
• toHaveErrorMessage
• Deprecated matchers
• toBeEmpty
• toBeInTheDOM
• toHaveDescription
• Inspiration
• Other Solutions
• Guiding Principles
• Contributors
• LICENSE

Installation

This module is distributed via [npm][npm] which is bundled with [node][node] and should be installed as one of your project's devDependencies:

npm install --save-dev @testing-library/jest-dom

or

for installation with yarn package manager.

yarn add --dev @testing-library/jest-dom

Note: We also recommend installing the jest-dom eslint plugin which provides auto-fixable lint rules that prevent false positive tests and improve test readability by ensuring you are using the right matchers in your tests. More details can be found at eslint-plugin-jest-dom.

Usage

Import @testing-library/jest-dom once (for instance in your tests setup file) and you're good to go:

// In your own jest-setup.js (or any other name)
import '@testing-library/jest-dom'

// In jest.config.js add (if you haven't already)
setupFilesAfterEnv: ['<rootDir>/jest-setup.js']

With TypeScript

If you're using TypeScript, make sure your setup file is a .ts and not a .js to include the necessary types.

You will also need to include your setup file in your tsconfig.json if you haven't already:

  // In tsconfig.json
  "include": [
    ...
    "./jest-setup.ts"
  ],

Custom matchers

@testing-library/jest-dom can work with any library or framework that returns DOM elements from queries. The custom matcher examples below are written using matchers from @testing-library's suite of libraries (e.g. getByTestId, queryByTestId, getByText, etc.)

toBeDisabled

toBeDisabled()

This allows you to check whether an element is disabled from the user's perspective. According to the specification, the following elements can be disabled: button, input, select, textarea, optgroup, option, fieldset, and custom elements.

This custom matcher considers an element as disabled if the element is among the types of elements that can be disabled (listed above), and the disabled attribute is present. It will also consider the element as disabled if it's inside a parent form element that supports being disabled and has the disabled attribute present.

Examples

<button data-testid="button" type="submit" disabled>submit</button>
<fieldset disabled><input type="text" data-testid="input" /></fieldset>
<a href="https://github.com/testing-library/jest-dom/raw/v5.17.0/" disabled>link</a>

expect(getByTestId('button')).toBeDisabled()
expect(getByTestId('input')).toBeDisabled()
expect(getByText('link')).not.toBeDisabled()

This custom matcher does not take into account the presence or absence of the aria-disabled attribute. For more on why this is the case, check #144.

---

toBeEnabled

toBeEnabled()

This allows you to check whether an element is not disabled from the user's perspective.

It works like not.toBeDisabled(). Use this matcher to avoid double negation in your tests.

This custom matcher does not take into account the presence or absence of the aria-disabled attribute. For more on why this is the case, check #144.

---

toBeEmptyDOMElement

toBeEmptyDOMElement()

This allows you to assert whether an element has no visible content for the user. It ignores comments but will fail if the element contains white-space.

Examples

<span data-testid="not-empty"><span data-testid="empty"></span></span>
<span data-testid="with-whitespace"> </span>
<span data-testid="with-comment"></span>

expect(getByTestId('empty')).toBeEmptyDOMElement()
expect(getByTestId('not-empty')).not.toBeEmptyDOMElement()
expect(getByTestId('with-whitespace')).not.toBeEmptyDOMElement()

---

toBeInTheDocument

toBeInTheDocument()

This allows you to assert whether an element is present in the document or not.

Examples

<span data-testid="html-element"><span>Html Element</span></span>
<svg data-testid="svg-element"></svg>

expect(
  getByTestId(document.documentElement, 'html-element'),
).toBeInTheDocument()
expect(getByTestId(document.documentElement, 'svg-element')).toBeInTheDocument()
expect(
  queryByTestId(document.documentElement, 'does-not-exist'),
).not.toBeInTheDocument()

Note: This matcher does not find detached elements. The element must be added to the document to be found by toBeInTheDocument. If you desire to search in a detached element please use: toContainElement

---

toBeInvalid

toBeInvalid()

This allows you to check if an element, is currently invalid.

An element is invalid if it has an aria-invalid attribute with no value or a value of "true", or if the result of checkValidity() is false.

Examples

<input data-testid="no-aria-invalid" />
<input data-testid="aria-invalid" aria-invalid />
<input data-testid="aria-invalid-value" aria-invalid="true" />
<input data-testid="aria-invalid-false" aria-invalid="false" />

<form data-testid="valid-form">
  <input />
</form>

<form data-testid="invalid-form">
  <input required />
</form>

expect(getByTestId('no-aria-invalid')).not.toBeInvalid()
expect(getByTestId('aria-invalid')).toBeInvalid()
expect(getByTestId('aria-invalid-value')).toBeInvalid()
expect(getByTestId('aria-invalid-false')).not.toBeInvalid()

expect(getByTestId('valid-form')).not.toBeInvalid()
expect(getByTestId('invalid-form')).toBeInvalid()

---

toBeRequired

toBeRequired()

This allows you to check if a form element is currently required.

An element is required if it is having a required or aria-required="true" attribute.

Examples

<input data-testid="required-input" required />
<input data-testid="aria-required-input" aria-required="true" />
<input data-testid="conflicted-input" required aria-required="false" />
<input data-testid="aria-not-required-input" aria-required="false" />
<input data-testid="optional-input" />
<input data-testid="unsupported-type" type="image" required />
<select data-testid="select" required></select>
<textarea data-testid="textarea" required></textarea>

expect(getByTestId('required-input')).toBeRequired()
expect(getByTestId('aria-required-input')).toBeRequired()
expect(getByTestId('conflicted-input')).toBeRequired()
expect(getByTestId('aria-not-required-input')).not.toBeRequired()
expect(getByTestId('optional-input')).not.toBeRequired()
expect(getByTestId('unsupported-type')).not.toBeRequired()
expect(getByTestId('select')).toBeRequired()
expect(getByTestId('textarea')).toBeRequired()
expect(getByTestId('supported-role')).not.toBeRequired()
expect(getByTestId('supported-role-aria')).toBeRequired()

---

toBeValid

toBeValid()

This allows you to check if the value of an element, is currently valid.

An element is valid if it has no aria-invalid attributes or an attribute value of "false". The result of checkValidity() must also be true if it's a form element.

Examples

<input data-testid="no-aria-invalid" />
<input data-testid="aria-invalid" aria-invalid />
<input data-testid="aria-invalid-value" aria-invalid="true" />
<input data-testid="aria-invalid-false" aria-invalid="false" />

<form data-testid="valid-form">
  <input />
</form>

<form data-testid="invalid-form">
  <input required />
</form>

expect(getByTestId('no-aria-invalid')).toBeValid()
expect(getByTestId('aria-invalid')).not.toBeValid()
expect(getByTestId('aria-invalid-value')).not.toBeValid()
expect(getByTestId('aria-invalid-false')).toBeValid()

expect(getByTestId('valid-form')).toBeValid()
expect(getByTestId('invalid-form')).not.toBeValid()

---

toBeVisible

toBeVisible()

This allows you to check if an element is currently visible to the user.

An element is visible if all the following conditions are met:

• it is present in the document
• it does not have its css property display set to none
• it does not have its css property visibility set to either hidden or collapse
• it does not have its css property opacity set to 0
• its parent element is also visible (and so on up to the top of the DOM tree)
• it does not have the hidden attribute
• if `

it has theopen` attribute

Examples

Zero Opacity Example





  Visibility Hidden Example





Display None Example





  <span data-testid="hidden-parent">Hidden Parent Example</span>





Visible Example




Hidden Attribute Example







Title of hidden text


  Hidden Details Example








Title of visible text




Visible Details Example

expect(getByText('Zero Opacity Example')).not.toBeVisible()
expect(getByText('Visibility Hidden Example')).not.toBeVisible()
expect(getByText('Display None Example')).not.toBeVisible()
expect(getByText('Hidden Parent Example')).not.toBeVisible()
expect(getByText('Visible Example')).toBeVisible()
expect(getByText('Hidden Attribute Example')).not.toBeVisible()
expect(getByText('Hidden Details Example')).not.toBeVisible()
expect(getByText('Visible Details Example')).toBeVisible()

---

toContainElement

toContainElement(element: HTMLElement | SVGElement | null)

This allows you to assert whether an element contains another element as a descendant or not.

Examples

```html