Class Decimal128

core/src/main/java/io/questdb/std/Decimal128.java:27–1673

Decimal128 - a mutable decimal number implementation. The value is a signed number with two's complement representation. This class represents decimal numbers with a fixed scale (number of decimal places) using 128-bit integer arithmetic for precise calculations. All operations are performed in-

 * </p>
 */
public class Decimal128 implements Sinkable, Decimal {
    public static final int BYTES = 16;
    /**
     * Maximum allowed precision (number of digits)
     */
    public static final int MAX_PRECISION = 38;
    /**
     * Maximum allowed scale (number of decimal places)
     */
    public static final int MAX_SCALE = 38;
    public static final Decimal128 MAX_VALUE = new Decimal128(5421010862427522170L, 687399551400673279L);
    public static final Decimal128 MIN_VALUE = new Decimal128(-5421010862427522171L, -687399551400673279L);
    public static final Decimal128 NULL_VALUE = new Decimal128(Decimals.DECIMAL128_HI_NULL, Decimals.DECIMAL128_LO_NULL);
    public static final Decimal128 ZERO = new Decimal128(0, 0, 0);
    static final long LONG_MASK = 0xffffffffL;
    /**
     * Pre-computed powers of 10 table for decimal arithmetic.
     * Autogenerated. See `Decimal128Test.testPowersTenTable`.
     *
     * <p>
     * This table stores the 128-bit representation of powers of 10 (10^0 to 10^38)
     * multiplied by digits 1-9. Each row contains 9 complete 128-bit values, where
     * each 128-bit value is represented as 2 consecutive 64-bit longs:
     * - High (bits 127-64)
     * - Low (bits 63-0, least significant 64 bits)
     *
     * <p>
     * Structure: table[power][multiplier_offset + component]
     * - power: power of 10 (0 = 10^0, 1 = 10^1, ..., 38 = 10^38)
     * - multiplier_offset: (multiplier-1) * 2, where multiplier ∈ [1,9]
     * - component: 0=High, 1=Low
     *
     * <p>
     * Example: To get 7 × 10^25:
     * - Row: table[25]
     * - Offset: (7-1) * 2 = 12
     * - Access: High=table[25][12], Low=table[25][13]
     * - Value: (High << 64) | Low
     */
    private static final long[][] POWERS_TEN_TABLE = new long[][]{
            {0L, 1L, 0L, 2L, 0L, 3L, 0L, 4L, 0L, 5L, 0L, 6L, 0L, 7L, 0L, 8L, 0L, 9L},
            {0L, 10L, 0L, 20L, 0L, 30L, 0L, 40L, 0L, 50L, 0L, 60L, 0L, 70L, 0L, 80L, 0L, 90L},
            {0L, 100L, 0L, 200L, 0L, 300L, 0L, 400L, 0L, 500L, 0L, 600L, 0L, 700L, 0L, 800L, 0L, 900L},
            {0L, 1000L, 0L, 2000L, 0L, 3000L, 0L, 4000L, 0L, 5000L, 0L, 6000L, 0L, 7000L, 0L, 8000L, 0L, 9000L},
            {0L, 10000L, 0L, 20000L, 0L, 30000L, 0L, 40000L, 0L, 50000L, 0L, 60000L, 0L, 70000L, 0L, 80000L, 0L, 90000L},
            {0L, 100000L, 0L, 200000L, 0L, 300000L, 0L, 400000L, 0L, 500000L, 0L, 600000L, 0L, 700000L, 0L, 800000L, 0L, 900000L},
            {0L, 1000000L, 0L, 2000000L, 0L, 3000000L, 0L, 4000000L, 0L, 5000000L, 0L, 6000000L, 0L, 7000000L, 0L, 8000000L, 0L, 9000000L},
            {0L, 10000000L, 0L, 20000000L, 0L, 30000000L, 0L, 40000000L, 0L, 50000000L, 0L, 60000000L, 0L, 70000000L, 0L, 80000000L, 0L, 90000000L},
            {0L, 100000000L, 0L, 200000000L, 0L, 300000000L, 0L, 400000000L, 0L, 500000000L, 0L, 600000000L, 0L, 700000000L, 0L, 800000000L, 0L, 900000000L},
            {0L, 1000000000L, 0L, 2000000000L, 0L, 3000000000L, 0L, 4000000000L, 0L, 5000000000L, 0L, 6000000000L, 0L, 7000000000L, 0L, 8000000000L, 0L, 9000000000L},
            {0L, 10000000000L, 0L, 20000000000L, 0L, 30000000000L, 0L, 40000000000L, 0L, 50000000000L, 0L, 60000000000L, 0L, 70000000000L, 0L, 80000000000L, 0L, 90000000000L},
            {0L, 100000000000L, 0L, 200000000000L, 0L, 300000000000L, 0L, 400000000000L, 0L, 500000000000L, 0L, 600000000000L, 0L, 700000000000L, 0L, 800000000000L, 0L, 900000000000L},
            {0L, 1000000000000L, 0L, 2000000000000L, 0L, 3000000000000L, 0L, 4000000000000L, 0L, 5000000000000L, 0L, 6000000000000L, 0L, 7000000000000L, 0L, 8000000000000L, 0L, 9000000000000L},
            {0L, 10000000000000L, 0L, 20000000000000L, 0L, 30000000000000L, 0L, 40000000000000L, 0L, 50000000000000L, 0L, 60000000000000L, 0L, 70000000000000L, 0L, 80000000000000L, 0L, 90000000000000L},
            {0L, 100000000000000L, 0L, 200000000000000L, 0L, 300000000000000L, 0L, 400000000000000L, 0L, 500000000000000L, 0L, 600000000000000L, 0L, 700000000000000L, 0L, 800000000000000L, 0L, 900000000000000L},
            {0L, 1000000000000000L, 0L, 2000000000000000L, 0L, 3000000000000000L, 0L, 4000000000000000L, 0L, 5000000000000000L, 0L, 6000000000000000L, 0L, 7000000000000000L, 0L, 8000000000000000L, 0L, 9000000000000000L},
            {0L, 10000000000000000L, 0L, 20000000000000000L, 0L, 30000000000000000L, 0L, 40000000000000000L, 0L, 50000000000000000L, 0L, 60000000000000000L, 0L, 70000000000000000L, 0L, 80000000000000000L, 0L, 90000000000000000L},
            {0L, 100000000000000000L, 0L, 200000000000000000L, 0L, 300000000000000000L, 0L, 400000000000000000L, 0L, 500000000000000000L, 0L, 600000000000000000L, 0L, 700000000000000000L, 0L, 800000000000000000L, 0L, 900000000000000000L},