Method sudo

invoke/context.py:131–201

Execute a shell command via ``sudo`` with password auto-response. **Basics** This method is identical to `run` but adds a handful of convenient behaviors around invoking the ``sudo`` program. It doesn't do anything users could not do themselves by wrapping

(self, command: str, **kwargs: Any)

        return runner.run(command, **kwargs)

    def sudo(self, command: str, **kwargs: Any) -> Result:
        """
        Execute a shell command via ``sudo`` with password auto-response.

        **Basics**

        This method is identical to `run` but adds a handful of
        convenient behaviors around invoking the ``sudo`` program. It doesn't
        do anything users could not do themselves by wrapping `run`, but the
        use case is too common to make users reinvent these wheels themselves.

        .. note::
            If you intend to respond to sudo's password prompt by hand, just
            use ``run("sudo command")`` instead! The autoresponding features in
            this method will just get in your way.

        Specifically, `sudo`:

        * Places a `.FailingResponder` into the ``watchers`` kwarg (see
          :doc:`/concepts/watchers`) which:

            * searches for the configured ``sudo`` password prompt;
            * responds with the configured sudo password (``sudo.password``
              from the :doc:`configuration </concepts/configuration>`);
            * can tell when that response causes an authentication failure
              (e.g. if the system requires a password and one was not
              configured), and raises `.AuthFailure` if so.

        * Builds a ``sudo`` command string using the supplied ``command``
          argument, prefixed by various flags (see below);
        * Executes that command via a call to `run`, returning the result.

        **Flags used**

        ``sudo`` flags used under the hood include:

        - ``-S`` to allow auto-responding of password via stdin;
        - ``-p <prompt>`` to explicitly state the prompt to use, so we can be
          sure our auto-responder knows what to look for;
        - ``-u <user>`` if ``user`` is not ``None``, to execute the command as
          a user other than ``root``;
        - When ``-u`` is present, ``-H`` is also added, to ensure the
          subprocess has the requested user&#x27;s ``$HOME`` set properly.

        **Configuring behavior**

        There are a couple of ways to change how this method behaves:

        - Because it wraps `run`, it honors all `run` config parameters and
          keyword arguments, in the same way that `run` does.

            - Thus, invocations such as ``c.sudo('command', echo=True)`` are
              possible, and if a config layer (such as a config file or env
              var) specifies that e.g. ``run.warn = True``, that too will take
              effect under `sudo`.

        - `sudo` has its own set of keyword arguments (see below) and they are
          also all controllable via the configuration system, under the