Class MongoClient

pymongo/synchronous/mongo_client.py:174–2615

class MongoClient(common.BaseObject, Generic[_DocumentType]):
    HOST = "localhost"
    PORT = 27017
    # Define order to retrieve options from ClientOptions for __repr__.
    # No host/port; these are retrieved from TopologySettings.
    _constructor_args = ("document_class", "tz_aware", "connect")
    _clients: weakref.WeakValueDictionary = weakref.WeakValueDictionary()  # type: ignore[type-arg]

    def __init__(
        self,
        host: Optional[Union[str, Sequence[str]]] = None,
        port: Optional[int] = None,
        document_class: Optional[Type[_DocumentType]] = None,
        tz_aware: Optional[bool] = None,
        connect: Optional[bool] = None,
        type_registry: Optional[TypeRegistry] = None,
        **kwargs: Any,
    ) -> None:
        """Client for a MongoDB instance, a replica set, or a set of mongoses.

        .. warning:: Starting in PyMongo 4.0, ``directConnection`` now has a default value of
          False instead of None.
          For more details, see the relevant section of the PyMongo 4.x migration guide:
          :ref:`pymongo4-migration-direct-connection`.

        The client object is thread-safe and has connection-pooling built in.
        If an operation fails because of a network error,
        :class:`~pymongo.errors.ConnectionFailure` is raised and the client
        reconnects in the background. Application code should handle this
        exception (recognizing that the operation failed) and then continue to
        execute.

        Best practice is to call :meth:`MongoClient.close` when the client is no longer needed,
        or use the client in a with statement::

            with MongoClient(url) as client:
                # Use client here.

        The `host` parameter can be a full `mongodb URI
        <https://dochub.mongodb.org/core/connections>`_, in addition to
        a simple hostname. It can also be a list of hostnames but no more
        than one URI. Any port specified in the host string(s) will override
        the `port` parameter. For username and
        passwords reserved characters like ':', '/', '+' and '@' must be
        percent encoded following RFC 2396::

            from urllib.parse import quote_plus

            uri = "mongodb://%s:%s@%s" % (
                quote_plus(user), quote_plus(password), host)
            client = MongoClient(uri)

        Unix domain sockets are also supported. The socket path must be percent
        encoded in the URI::

            uri = "mongodb://%s:%s@%s" % (
                quote_plus(user), quote_plus(password), quote_plus(socket_path))
            client = MongoClient(uri)