either brings root to top of splay tree, or to right child of top of splay tree cuts part of compress tree to the right of this

dumb shortcuts to read in ints

dumb shortcuts to read in ints

dumb shortcuts to read in ints

/// SPLAY TREE OPERATIONS

/// SPLAY TREE OPERATIONS

# nodes above

ceil(a/b) ll cdiv(ll a, ll b) { return a/b+((a^b)>0&&a%b); }

e^A

Brings edge to the top Return the topmost vertex which was spliced into

divide a by b rounded up

projection onto line

998244353 For p < 2^30 there is also e.g. (5<<25, 3), (7<<26, 3) (479<<21, 3) and (483<<21, 5). Last two are > 10^9.