Method sqrt

output/java_guava/1.4.16/IntMath.java:279–312

Returns the square root of x, rounded with the specified rounding mode. @throws IllegalArgumentException if x < 0 @throws ArithmeticException if mode is RoundingMode#UNNECESSARY and sqrt(x) is not an integer

(int x, RoundingMode mode)

   */

  @GwtIncompatible // need BigIntegerMath to adequately test
  @SuppressWarnings("fallthrough")
  public static int sqrt(int x, RoundingMode mode) {
    checkNonNegative("x", x);
    int sqrtFloor = sqrtFloor(x);
    switch (mode) {
      case UNNECESSARY:
        checkRoundingUnnecessary(sqrtFloor * sqrtFloor == x); // fall through
      case FLOOR:
      case DOWN:
        return sqrtFloor;
      case CEILING:
      case UP:
        return sqrtFloor + lessThanBranchFree(sqrtFloor * sqrtFloor, x);
      case HALF_DOWN:
      case HALF_UP:
      case HALF_EVEN:
        int halfSquare = sqrtFloor * sqrtFloor + sqrtFloor;
        /*
         * We wish to test whether or not x <= (sqrtFloor + 0.5)^2 = halfSquare + 0.25. Since both x
         * and halfSquare are integers, this is equivalent to testing whether or not x <=
         * halfSquare. (We have to deal with overflow, though.)
         *
         * If we treat halfSquare as an unsigned int, we know that
         *            sqrtFloor^2 <= x < (sqrtFloor + 1)^2
         * halfSquare - sqrtFloor <= x < halfSquare + sqrtFloor + 1
         * so |x - halfSquare| <= sqrtFloor.  Therefore, it's safe to treat x - halfSquare as a
         * signed int, so lessThanBranchFree is safe for use.
         */
        return sqrtFloor + lessThanBranchFree(halfSquare, x);
      default:
        throw new AssertionError();
    }
  }

  private static int sqrtFloor(int x) {
    // There is no loss of precision in converting an int to a double, according to