Convenience function to create interactive HTML visualization. Args: bounds: Search space bounds (must be 2D) population_size: Po

Evaluate fitness at a given position. The fitness is the distance to the current optimum position, with a smooth basin around the opt

Initialize the visualizer. Args: algorithm: CulturalAlgorithm instance to visualize save_path: Path to save video fil

Initialize state record.

Initialize the PPSO algorithm. Args: objective: Objective function to minimize bounds: Search space boundaries for ea

Initialize the Firefly Algorithm. Args: objective: Objective function to minimize bounds: Search space bounda

Initialize the contracting optimum benchmark. Args: bounds: Search space boundaries for each dimension initial_radius

Initialize the IWD-CO algorithm. Args: objective: Objective function to minimize bounds: Search space boundaries for

Initialize the Water Cycle Algorithm. Args: objective: Objective function to minimize bounds: Search space boundaries

Initialize the Cultural Algorithm. Args: objective: Objective function to minimize bounds: Search space boundaries fo

Factory function to create a ContractingOptimum benchmark. Args: bounds: Search space boundaries **kwargs: Additional arguments p

Get current optimum position and radius. Returns: Tuple of (optimum_position, current_radius)

Get a property value for this liquid type.

Default benchmark function (global minimum at 0).

Default benchmark function (global minimum at 0).

Default benchmark function (global minimum at 0).

Classic Rastrigin function (global minimum at 0). Reference: Rastrigin, L. A. "Systems of extremal control." Nauka, Moscow (1974)

Default benchmark function (global minimum at 0).

Default benchmark function (global minimum at 0).

Default benchmark function (global minimum at 0).

Default benchmark function (global minimum at 0).

Reset the benchmark to initial state.

2D Rosenbrock function.

2D sphere function (minimum at origin).