Class Vec2D

tools/python-3.11.9-amd64/Lib/turtle.py:237–279

A 2 dimensional vector class, used as a helper class for implementing turtle graphics. May be useful for turtle graphics programs also. Derived from tuple, so a vector is a tuple! Provides (for a, b vectors, k number): a+b vector addition a-b vector subtraction

class Vec2D(tuple):
    """A 2 dimensional vector class, used as a helper class
    for implementing turtle graphics.
    May be useful for turtle graphics programs also.
    Derived from tuple, so a vector is a tuple!

    Provides (for a, b vectors, k number):
       a+b vector addition
       a-b vector subtraction
       a*b inner product
       k*a and a*k multiplication with scalar
       |a| absolute value of a
       a.rotate(angle) rotation
    """
    def __new__(cls, x, y):
        return tuple.__new__(cls, (x, y))
    def __add__(self, other):
        return Vec2D(self[0]+other[0], self[1]+other[1])
    def __mul__(self, other):
        if isinstance(other, Vec2D):
            return self[0]*other[0]+self[1]*other[1]
        return Vec2D(self[0]*other, self[1]*other)
    def __rmul__(self, other):
        if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, float):
            return Vec2D(self[0]*other, self[1]*other)
        return NotImplemented
    def __sub__(self, other):
        return Vec2D(self[0]-other[0], self[1]-other[1])
    def __neg__(self):
        return Vec2D(-self[0], -self[1])
    def __abs__(self):
        return math.hypot(*self)
    def rotate(self, angle):
        """rotate self counterclockwise by angle
        """
        perp = Vec2D(-self[1], self[0])
        angle = math.radians(angle)
        c, s = math.cos(angle), math.sin(angle)
        return Vec2D(self[0]*c+perp[0]*s, self[1]*c+perp[1]*s)
    def __getnewargs__(self):
        return (self[0], self[1])
    def __repr__(self):
        return "(%.2f,%.2f)" % self


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