Calculate percentage change over `lookback_min` using provided minute closes. Returns 0.0 if not enough data.

Temporarily set chain constraints on the underlying data source.

Cleans the order records DataFrame by rounding float values to 2 decimal places, replacing missing values with None, and converting t

Invoke Strategy.tearsheet_custom_metrics() if implemented.

Convert a pandas DataFrame (possibly with datetime index) to Polars.

Create mock OHLC data for testing. Args: start: Starting datetime (must be timezone-aware) periods: Number of minute bars to gene

Return a conservative max-expiration hint to avoid chain-scan storms. The ThetaData chain builder fetches strike lists per expiration. For in

Ensure the DataFrame index is a UTC-aware DatetimeIndex.

Ensure the DataFrame index is a UTC-aware DatetimeIndex with standard name 'datetime'.

Advance the broker clock if we're stuck while the market is open.

Ensure Schwab token file is in the format expected by schwab-py ≥ 1.5: { "creation_timestamp": ..., "token":

Attempt to derive fill price and quantity from a Tradovate order payload.

Extract a clean returns series from a strategy/benchmark dataframe.

Fallback for multileg SMART_LIMIT when quotes are missing. Fill each child order at its own OHLC open (market-style) so the backtest

Return only real provider bars that are safe to expose to strategies.

Format the futures symbol for Yahoo Finance. Yahoo Finance futures symbols can be in different formats: - Continuous

Format a futures Asset object for DataBento symbol conventions This function handles the complexity of DataBento's futures symbology, which

Format the index symbol for Yahoo Finance. Yahoo Finance index symbols typically use the "^" prefix: - SPX -> ^SPX (

Format plotly hover text for indicator markers/lines. Strategies frequently omit `detail_text` for some points. When those points are collected

Format futures symbol for DataBento using the ONLY format that works. Based on analysis of successful DataBento requests: - MESH24,

Get lazy frame for asset. Parameters ---------- asset : Asset or tuple The asset to get data for (can be a tuple

Get the front month (nearest) futures expiry

Get the timestamp to use for age-based cleanup.

Get all orders from the broker with performance optimization.

Handle order update from streaming.